Concrete construction.



J. E. CONZELMAN.

CONCRETE GONSTRUGTION.

APPLICATION FILED APR.14,1910.

1 ,@31,@4;4%. Patented July 2 1912.

l 10 SHEETSSHEET l. j J 5 fig/ J. E. CONZELMAN. CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION:

APPLICATION FILED APR. 14,1910. I 1,031,044? Patented July 2, 1912.

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j @Mw 7 4 l Patented July 2, 1912.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 3v J. B. GONZELMAN.

CONCRETE GONSTEUUTION.

APPLICATION FILED APE.14, 1910.

Patented July 2, 191 2.

1o SHEETS-SHEET 4.

12%) 2 I I v 1 J. E. .GONZELMAN I CONCRETE GQNSTRUGTIONL APPLICATION FILED APR.14, 1910. 1 m 1 44, Patented July 2, 1912 10 SHEETS-SHEET 6- J. E. OONZELMAN. CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

I APPLICATION FILED APR. 14, 1910.

Patented July 2, 1912.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

a M w J. E. GONZELMAN. CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED APR.14, 1910.

Patented July 2, 1912.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

J. E. CONZELMAM.

GONGRE'I'E CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED APR. 14, 1910.

Patented July 2,1912

10 SHEETS183HET 8.

J. E. GONZELMAN. CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION. APPLIGATION FILED APR; 14, 1910.

Patented July 2, 1912.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

J. E. CDNZELMAN.

CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED 'APRIM, 1910 1 ,03 1,044. Patented July 2, 1912.

10 SHEETS-SHBET 10.

' rights.

specification,

"plurality of concrete girders resting upon a hurrah s'ra rns rngnu'r ormon.

JOHN E. CONZE'LMAN, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO UNIT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

0 1 I Specification of Letters Patent. Paterited July 2, 1912.

Application filed April 14, 1910. Serial No. 555,354.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J 'OHN E. ConznLMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Concrete Construction, (Case K,) of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to concrete construction in which concrete girders are used to support concrete slabs and are themselves supported by means of columns or upof a concrete cap resting upon a concrete column and supporting a plurality of concrcte girders; Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the line 3-3, Fig. 1; Fig. at is a sectional view of the concrete cap that supports the. concrete girders; Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional View of a concrete girder; Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view showing 'an alternative form of concrete cap; Fig. 7 is a sectional view on the line'7-7, Fig. 6; Fig. 8 f is a top plan view showing a concrete girder supported upon a steel column; Fig. 9 is a '65 sectional view on the line 99, Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a top plan view showing concrete gir ers supported upon a steel column; Fig. 11 is a sectional view on the line-1111, Fig. 10;

'It is an object of this invention to provide a rigid and unitary structure in which each concrete girder that is used is reinforced so that it can be formed comparatively wide and flat and, at the same time, be sufficiently strong to support a concrete slab or slabs adjacent to either side thereof and, also, to allow a part of same to be channeled, in order that the girder will have a section of the least possible area, thus attaining maximum economy byreason of the least possible material being used. By using a wide and. flat girder comparatively little head room is taken up in the structure, and the channeled part of the girder gives a paneled efiect to same. Another object of this invention is to pro- \vide each supporting column or upright with means to support the wide girders which rest thereon so that a space is left between the ends of the girders that rest upon the supporting means in order to form a seat an the base of a superimposed column without the necessity of providing the ends of tliegirders with-cutaway portions, as has been customary heretofore.

A. further object of this invention is to provide means for connecting a supporting reinforced column with a superimposed reinforced column, so that continuity of the reinforcement is obtained between the columns.

concrete girders resting upon'a concrete column and supporting a plurality of concrete slabs from which reinforcing bars protrude over said girders; Fig. 13 is a sectional view on the line 13 13, Fig. 12; Fig. 14 is a top 7 5 plan view showing the base of a superimposed concrete column resting upon a supporting concrete column 'upon which a plurality of concrete girders rest that support a plurality of concrete slabs; Fig. 15 is a sectional view on the line 15-15,Fig. 14; Fig.

16 is a sectional view on the line 16-46, Fig. l t; Fig. 17 is a top plan View showing means for uniting asupporting concrete column to a superimposed column; Fig. 18 is a sectional View on the line 18-18, Fig. 17;

F ig. 19 is a section View on the line 19-19, Fig'. 17 and Fig. 20 is a perspective view,

on an enlarged scale, of one of the connecting members shown in Figs. 17, 18, and 19. Each girder 1 is preferably formed with areotang flar configuration, and is comparati-vely Wide and thin. Each longitudinal edge of said girder is provided with a shoul- 'der 2 which forms a rest-forv aslab or slabs 3 adjacent thereto. The longitudinal edges of the girders 1 and theedges of the slabs 3 may be rounded to revent accidental nicking of same when anti girders and slabs are being placed in their respective positions in the structure. The ends of said girder 1 rest upon a cap 4 that rests upon a shoulder 5 of .a cap -6 of a supporting columii 7 In order to preventtransverse motion or turning of ca preferably angular, extends-from cap 6 into that drawings forming part of this I in which like numbers of ref erenceldenote like.parts wherever they oc cur, Figure 1 is a top plan view showing a concrete column and supporting a plurality of concrete st abs; Fig. 2 is a perspective view Fig. 12 is a top plan view of a plurality of 70 i 4 on cap 6, a stud 8,

part of a similarly shaped opening 9 in cap 4 so that a space 10 above said-stud is left Within said opening. Each corner of girder 1 is preferably beveled so that, when the endsof each girder are placed upon cap 4,

each beveled corner fits against a similarlybeveled corner of an adjoining girder.

' .When the girders 1 are placed upon a cap .into spaces 10 and 11. other mixture in space 11 is leveled ofl' rups 14 adj the pur 4 in the manner just described, a spacrs' 11,

which-'islocated above cap 4 and space 10,-

isleft between the ends of said girders that rest upon said cap, and, grout or si ilar cement'mixture or wet concrete is p0 u'ed The concrete or flush with the surface of girders 1, and, when it sets, unites girders 1, cap'4, and column 7 integrally together.

In order to form a girder having a section of maximum economy, z'.,e., a girder containing no excess of concrete, the middle portion of the under side of said girder is channeled between approximately the qua-rter points of the span of the girder so that each side of said girder is provided with a flange or rib 12 that extends between said quarter points. As additional strengthening means reinforcing bars 13 are embedded near the top surface of girder l and are spaced at intervals in same. Each bar 13 extends transversely of said girder and is bent downwardly at its ends to form stir- 'acent the sides of said girder, o se' of each bar 13 being to stiffen the gir er and to act as a narrow beam, thus preventing transverse bendin of said girder when there is an excess 0 load on- 7 either side of same. Bars 15, also, extending transversely of girder 1, are spaced at intervals in said girder, but lie near the bottom surface .of said girder in order to carry the load between the flanges 12; Bars 16 underlie bars 13 and extend longitudinally of girder 1, and, also, project from the ends of said girden. Short bars -17, which, also, underlie bars 13, extend from approximately the quarter span and project from the ends of girders 1,

sald bars 17 being arranged to assist in tak-- ing up the tensile stress obviously existing in the top surface of the art of irder 1 .that rests upon a cap 4. ars -18 ie near the bottom surface-10f flanges l2'and extend I through the 'stirrups l4. Adj acent the quarthe ends of said girder.

ter points of the bend upwardl surface of gir span some of the bars- 18 and extend near the top er 1 and, also, project from The bars 16, 17, and 18 that l extend into space 11 and preferably overlap similar bars 16, 17, and 18, respectively an oppositely- By reasonof forming a projecting frbm an end of disposed girder. widegirder 1 the space llis comparatively points of the project from an end of girder' large, therebyallowing the base of a. superimposed column 19 to be set in said space' Without-the necessity of providing the ends of the girders with cut-away portions ashas been customary heretofore, the bars 16, 17, and 18 being spaced so that an open space between the bars 16 is left in the cen ter of'space 11 for the placing ofthe base of column 19 therein.

The slab 3 may be either a flat slab or a slab with a flange or rib 20 that is provided on the under side; thereof, said flange being the particular part of said slab that rests on shoulder 2 of girder 1. Said slab is preferably reinforced in both directions by means of bars 21"'in order to distribute its load to the girders'l supporting same, said bars being embedded near the bottom surface of said slab. Bars 22 are embedded in flange 20 and the ends of bars 21 are preferably bent to partly encircle same.

The cap 4 is formed with any desired configuration'and, when it is desired, same can be molded integrally with column 7. Said cap is reinforced in both directions by means of bars 23 which j are arranged to extend approximately at right angles to each other capL Each bar 23 is preferably bent into the form of a rectangle, the sides of the rec tangle being located adjacent opposite sides and are embedded near the surface of said of opening 9 in said cap, and the ends of the rectangle being bent downwardly to aid in carrying the stresses to which said cap 4 issubjected. Bars 24 are bentto extendnear each side of cap 4 sothat same act as binding rods for said cap. In order to strengthen stud 8 that projects into opening 9 in cap 4 reinforcing bars 25, which are embedded in column 19, extend into said stud. When it is desired cap 4 can be reinforced by means of rejections or brackets 26, as depicted in I i 6, said brackets being preferably formed integrally with said cap in order to aid in carrying shearing stresses 'upon same.

In Figs. 8 to 11 inclusive this invention is used in connection with metal columns that The column 27 4 are surrounded by concrete. is set in place and a so-c'alled form (not shown in the drawings) is placed around said column.

column"? and cap 4 around column 27, said.

Said form is filled with plastic concrete which sets therein and forms cap 4 being'integral' with column 7. The

ends of each girder l are placed upon cap 4; and the slabs -3 are laid upon the shoulders 2 of the girders.

i In Figs. 8 and 9, the colunin 27. p o. vided with a, bracket or ledge 28 that is secured by anylsuitable means and extends entirely around same to aid in supporting cap 4, the bars 23"and 24 being manner hereinembedded in cap 4 in the to said column allow a Superimposed around column 29, said column 19 being in- I steel cap, respectively,

,inabove described. The ends of each girder to Column 27 in order to support the angle is distributed to the steel cap,

against stud 10 of such cap.

11, but instead of the bars 18 that pro ect above-described in order to strengthen same. that a greater number of bars23 and a less Column 27 is preferably formed with such length that its top extends above cap 4 to metal column 29 to be connected thereto by means of splice plates 30 or the like, the bars 16, 17 and 18 that project from the ends of each girder 1 into space 11 being arranged to extend adjacentjthe sides of column 27 A form is placed around column 29 and same and space 11 are filled with plastic concrete, which not only unites cap 1 and girders 1 integrally together, but forms a column 19 bar 42 is embedded'near thelower surface of said cap, said bar 42 being arranged to encircle opening 9 in said cap. Bars 43 are embedded in cap 6 of column 7 and arebent to surround bars 25in said column,,0ne bar 43 being located adjacent bars 25 and the other bar 4E3 being arranged near the perimeter of said cap. The stud 8 is preferably formed with a length that is substantially equal to the thickness 'of cap 4, and, when said cap is placed upon cap 60f column 7 the stud 8 extends entirely through opening 9 so that the top of said stud registers in the plane of the surface of cap 4. A bar 44 is embedded in stud 8 and is arranged to encircle bars 25. Said-bars 25. project from stud S into space 11, and are surrounded by means of a bar or bars 45. Bars 4:6 e tcnd longitudinally in colum 19, and are encircled with abar or The base portegral with the concrete in space 11.

In Figs. 10 and ll', a structural steel cap is utilized to support the. girders 1. Said steel cap preferably comprises the brackets 31 that are fastened by any suitable means irons 82 which extend entirely around said column. The concrete column 7 and'cap 4t are formed around the column 27 and thein the manner herebars 47. tion of column 19 is provided with a stud 4.8 that rests upon the stud 8 so that bars =15 encircle said stud 1-8. ably arranged to project into space 11 and to extend along the edges of stud 48 so that same lap the bars 25 projecting from stud that their load and for this reason the bars 23 and 24 and bracket 28 is omitted entirely from cap 4. l

In Figs. 12 and 13 each slab is formed with such thickness that, whensame is placed upon a shoulder 2 of a girder 1, the surface of said slab occupies a position in a plane that is higher than the surface of said girder. When another slab is similarly placed upon the shoulder 2 on the opposite side of said girder a space 38 above said girder is left between the two slabs sup-. ported by same. Bars 21' in each slab 3 may project from the edges of said slab into space 38 and overlap the ends of similar bars 21 thatproject from the edges of a slab or slabs adjacent thereto. Space 38 filled with grout or plastic concrete which runs into and fills spaces 10 and 11. The grout or plastic concrete in spaces 11 and. 38 is leveled off flush with the surface of slabs 3, and, when it sets, unites slabs '3, girders 1, caps l, and column 7 integrally together.

in Figs. it, 15, and 16 the ends of each girder 1 rest on shoulder 39 of cap 4: and

liars 18 project from the ends of each girder into space 1 rest upon angleirons 32 so reinforcement between columns 7 and 19 is obtained. U-shaped bars 49 having their ends embedded in cap 4tprojcct into space 11. Said space 11 is filled with-grout or plastic concrete which sets therein and unites girders 1, cap 4-, and columns 7 and 19 in-' tegrally together.

In Figs. '17 to 19 inclusive means for connecting columns 7 and 19 is shown, same consisting of plates 50 and 51 and members 52 like the one depicted in Fig. 20, said plates 50 and 51 being set in the top of columns 7 and the bottom of column 19, respectivel'y, and the members 52 being arranged to connect said plates. Bars 25 in column 7 extend through perforations in plate 50 and, also, through perforations in the lower ends of members Said bars 25 are screw-threaded to receive nuts 53 that not only secure plates 50 to column 7 but, also, bind members f 2 firmly to said plate. The upper" ends of members 02 are sin'ularly secured to plate 51 by means of nuts 54 on the screw-threaded bars -16 that extend through perforations in plate, 51 and, also, in the upper ends of said members. The ends of each beam 55 rest upon" cap (3 .of column 7 and adjacent plate 51. Said beams 55 are oppositely-disposed in pairs so that members 5:2 are located between the ends of same that rest on cap 6, and are preferably formed with substantially the same shape. in cross-sm-tional configuration as the b ams disclosed in my copen'dingap plication Serial No. 528,298, tiled Novemfrom oppositely-disposed girders being arranged to overlap each other as in the previous figures, same are arranged to abutone another. In order to maintain continuity of the reinforcementbetween the ends of oppositely-disposcd girders splice bars 41 are arranged in space 11 to ovcrlapthe ends of bars 18 that abut one another. The cap 1 is reinforced by means of bars 23 and 24 as horeinabovedescribed with the exception number of bars 2 1 are used and, also, that a Bars it are prefer- 8, and by this arrangement continuity of the :1

ber 16, 1909. Each beam 55 is provided with the shoulders 56 and ,a tenon 57, a portion of the end of said tenon being cut awayat 58., A flange 20 of each slab 3 rests 011 a shoulder 56 of a beam 55 and against tenon 57. Said flange 2O raises the top surface of slab 3 to a greater distance above shoulder 56 than the distance the tenon 57 '55, some of said bars 62 being projects above said shoulder, so that, when .a slab is placed upon each shoulder 56 of a beam 55, aspa'ce 59 .above tenon 57 is left between the'two slabs supported bysaid beam. The corners of each slab 3 are located above cap 6 and are provided with cut-'awayportions 60 which unite to form space 61 through which members 52 extend, said space being located over cap 6 and partly with open sides, which must be temporarily closed with boards or formers.

Reinforcing bars 62 are embedded in the lower part of beam and preferably pr)- ject from the ends of same into space 61 in order to lap or abut similar bars 62 tl'at project from an oppositely-disposed berm 55 so that their lower parts underlie bars (32. A so-called form (not shown in the drawings) is placed 'around the base of 301- umn 19 and said form and spaces 59 and'61 are filled with grout or plastic concrete. Said grout or plastic concrete sets in said form and spaces 59 and 61, being supported while plastic in, said spaces by means of tcnon '57 and cap 6 and the boards or'formers, which close the sides of space 61, and

unites slabs 3, beams 55, and columns 7 and 19. integrally together. The grout or concrete in the form encircling the base of column 19 formsa-concrete ring 67 that is integral with column19'and covers the upper end of each member 52. As additional strengthening means a ring of expanded metal 68 or the like is embedded in ring 67 and 18 preferably arranged to encircle the base of column 19 and, also, to extend int-0 the grout or concrete in space 61.

I claim: l

1. A concrete structure including a column, a studprojecting upwardly from the top of the column, a cap seating onthe top of the column and aving anopening into which=-'-'said stud projects, a plurality of girders having their. inner 'ends approximately in contact with each other and seating on the cap and being spa 'ced from the bent up- U-shaped' receiving giriers havlng their, lnner ends approxl- V mately in contact with each other and seating on the cap and being spaced from the CLI) opening to form a pocket in conjunction with the cap, which pocket surrounds the stud, reinforcing bars projecting from the said inner ends of the girders and extendinginto said pocket to overlie the upper end of the stud, and a concrete filler seating on the upper end of the pocket.

3. In a concrete structure, a column, oppositely disposed girders seating at one of their ends on said column and having said ends spaced from one another, an outwardly projecting flange on each side of each girder forming shoulders, slabs seating on said flanges and abutting the shoulders, and a concrete filler arranged in said space between the girders and seating on the top of the column, the corners of adjacent ends of the girders being beveled so that the adjoining beveled corners form a close union therebetween at points overlying the column top.

4. In combination with a cap at its top, a stud extending upwardly from said cap, a second cap seating on said first cap and having an opening to receive said stud, said stud extending below the up per face of said second cap to form a groutpocket, two pairs of oppositely a column having disposed the top of said second cap at pointsv beyond said opening thereof to form in conjunction with the upper face of said second cap-a second grout-receiving pocket which surrounds said first named-pocket, and grout filling both of said pockets and extending flush with the top faces of-the girders.

5. In combination with a column having a cap at its top, a stud extending upwardly from said cap, a'second cap seating on saidfirst cap and having an opening to receive said stud, said stud extending below the upper face of saidsecond cap to form a groutreceiving pocket, two.pairs of oppositelystud and filling said.

girders seating at their ends on disposed girders seating at their ends on the top of said opening thereof to form in conjunction with the upper face of said second cap, a

second grout-receiving pocket which surroundssaidfirst named pocket, each of the girders having a series of reinforcing-rods which project beyond the ends thereof and said second cap .at points beyond which form a horizontal layer of rods, the rods of the opposite pairs of said girders crossing each other and overlying said first v ooket and being disposed at points inter- 5 mediate the top and bottom of the second pocket, and grout filling both of said pockets.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature 1n presence of two Witnesses.

five cents each, by addressing the flommissioner o! latents Washington, D. G. 

